An Experimental Investigation of the Influence of the State of Stress on the Ductile Fracture of 2024-T351 Aluminum

Abstract This paper investigates the influence of stress state on equivalent plastic fracture strain in 2024-T351 aluminum alloy. Eighteen unique states at failure—with triaxialities ranging from 0.388 (compressive) to −0.891 (tensile) and Lode parameters −0.978 1.000—are explored through mechanical experiments specimens with various geometries under multiple loading conditions. These include tension tests plane (thin), (thick), axisymmetric specimens, as well pure shear combined axial–torsional thin-walled tubes. Using a hybrid numerical–experimental approach, dependence triaxiality parameter is quantified for each experiment. Fracture strains are measured using three-dimensional digital image correlation. Equivalent generally increases (moving toward more compressive state). decreases modestly 1 0, although there significant increase ductility below −0.8. Compression–torsion extend data’s stress-space coverage into region (up 0.388) approaching −1. experimental program provides most extensive set ductile data single 12.7-mm-thick plate literature. can be used calibrate models finite element simulations dynamic events such bird strikes, automotive collisions, debris containment.